首页 随笔

# 前言

突然看到这个东西，简单的记录了一下，一些基础的计算机网络原理的知识这里不在记录，毕竟也是比较简单，不太熟悉的可以去翻一下之前写的 Python 网络化编程 Python 网络化编程 - Python | Clown の Blog = (xcu.icu)，本篇主要就记录一下，篇幅不会太长

# Socket 连接

网络化编程避不开的一个话题 ---Socket，或许这篇命名为 Socket 比较好，但是因为一些强迫症的小原因，整个分类我还是习惯这样命名，而且 Socket 编程的覆盖面太大，对于本篇更侧重的是使用 java 来实现网络通信

在 java 中对于 Socket 的支持有这一套完整的封装，使用还是很方便的，当然 Java 也是需要一个客户端一个服务端来进行连接，先看一个简单的例子

package JavaWeb;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
 * @BelongsProject: study_java
 * @BelongsPackage: JavaWeb
 * @Author: Clown
 * @CreateTime: 2023-08-10  09:54
 */
public class ServerTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            while (true){
                ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(2444);
                System.out.println("Loading·····");
                Socket socket = serverSocket.accept(); // 等待连接
                System.out.println("Connection succeeded！,ip："+socket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress());
                serverSocket.close(); // 关闭连接，防止端口占用
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}
上面的是服务端内容
package JavaWeb;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
 * @BelongsProject: study_java
 * @BelongsPackage: JavaWeb
 * @Author: Clown
 * @CreateTime: 2023-08-10  09:55
 */
public class ClientTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",2444);
            System.out.println("Successful!");
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Failure!!!");
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}
image-20230810101219854
image-20230810100439605
这里可以看见就建立了一个 tcp 连接，当然每次连接完成后都会中断等待下一次连接
# Socket 数据传输
前面通过 Socket 来进行连接，当然我们可以使用对应的 IO 流来通过 Socket 来进行数据的传输，这里简单改写一下
package JavaWeb.Socket;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
 * @BelongsProject: study_java
 * @BelongsPackage: JavaWeb.Socket
 * @Author: Clown
 * @CreateTime: 2023-08-14  10:28
 */
public class ServerDataTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(2444);
        System.out.println("Loading·····");
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept(); // 等待连接
        System.out.println("Connection succeeded！,ip："+socket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress());
        System.out.println("ClientData: ");
        InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream());
        System.out.println(new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader).readLine());
        socket.close();
    }
}
package JavaWeb.Socket;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
 * @BelongsProject: study_java
 * @BelongsPackage: JavaWeb.Socket
 * @Author: Clown
 * @CreateTime: 2023-08-14  10:29
 */
public class ClientDataTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",2444);
            System.out.println("Successful!");
            OutputStreamWriter outputStreamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream());
            outputStreamWriter.write("hello\n");
            outputStreamWriter.flush();
            socket.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Failure!!!");
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}
image-20230815092046899
这里可以看到客户端中将数据 Hello 发送到了服务端，当然数据的传输并不是单项的，服务端向客户端发送数据也很简单
package JavaWeb.Socket;
import java.io.*;
import java.net.ServerSocket;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
 * @BelongsProject: study_java
 * @BelongsPackage: JavaWeb.Socket
 * @Author: Clown
 * @CreateTime: 2023-08-14  10:28
 */
public class ServerDataTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
        ServerSocket serverSocket = new ServerSocket(2444);
        System.out.println("Loading·····");
        Socket socket = serverSocket.accept(); // 等待连接
        System.out.println("Connection succeeded！,ip："+socket.getInetAddress().getHostAddress());
        System.out.println("ClientData: ");
        InputStreamReader inputStreamReader = new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream());
        System.out.println(new BufferedReader(inputStreamReader).readLine());
        OutputStreamWriter outputStreamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream());
        outputStreamWriter.write("hello!\n");
        outputStreamWriter.flush();
        socket.close();
    }
}
package JavaWeb.Socket;
import java.io.BufferedReader;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.InputStreamReader;
import java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import java.net.Socket;
/**
 * @BelongsProject: study_java
 * @BelongsPackage: JavaWeb.Socket
 * @Author: Clown
 * @CreateTime: 2023-08-14  10:29
 */
public class ClientDataTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        try {
            Socket socket = new Socket("127.0.0.1",2444);
            System.out.println("Successful!");
            OutputStreamWriter outputStreamWriter = new OutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream());
            outputStreamWriter.write("hello\n");
            outputStreamWriter.flush();
            System.out.println("Loading...");
            BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(socket.getInputStream()));
            System.out.println(bufferedReader.readLine());
            socket.close();
        } catch (IOException e) {
            System.out.println("Failure!!!");
            throw new RuntimeException(e);
        }
    }
}
image-20230815093746265
当然上面的示例中都是最简单的利用，目的还是为了了解一下通过 Socket 来传输数据，具体有关细节的实现还有很多，这里不在赘述